Topic hub · 41 claims
LLM releases 2024–2025 — frontier and open-weight catalog
The frontier-model releases that defined 2024 and the first half of 2025. Hand-verified release dates with model cards and official announcements.
The frontier-model release cadence
From 2023 to 2025 the frontier-model release cadence accelerated from quarterly to monthly. Every major lab shipped multiple iterations: OpenAI's GPT-4 → 4-Turbo → 4o → o-series; Anthropic's Claude 3 family → 3.5 family → Opus 4; Google's Gemini Pro → 1.5 Pro → Ultra → 2.0; Meta's Llama 2 → 3 → 3.1 → 3.2 → 3.3. The pace produced two problems: (1) developers couldn't track which model was current; (2) blog posts went stale in weeks. This hub is the canonical reference.
The open-weight wave
2024 was the year open-weight models reached frontier parity for many tasks. Llama 3.1 405B (Meta 2024-07), Mistral Large (Mistral 2024), Qwen 2.5 (Alibaba 2024), DeepSeek V3 (DeepSeek 2024-12), DeepSeek-R1 (DeepSeek 2025-01), Phi-4 (Microsoft 2024-12), Gemma (Google 2024). Each release came with model card, official blog post, and Hugging Face deployment — citable primary sources, not just speculation.
Reasoning models — the new axis
DeepSeek-R1 (January 2025) demonstrated that reinforcement-learning-trained reasoning models could match much larger conventional models on math + code benchmarks. OpenAI's o1 + o3 series brought test-time compute scaling. The trend redefined what "capable model" means: not just parameter count, but inference-time reasoning budget.
Defined terms (3)
- Frontier model
- A language model representing the current state of the art for general-purpose capabilities at its release date.
- Open-weight model
- A model whose trained weights are publicly downloadable. May or may not include training data + training code.
- Reasoning model
- A model trained to produce extended chain-of-thought before its final answer, often with RL-tuned reasoning rewards. DeepSeek-R1, OpenAI o1/o3 are examples.
All claims in this topic (41)
- AlphaFold 3·released on 2024-05-08(1.00 · 2 sources)
- Anthropic Claude Haiku 3.5·released on 2024-11-04 by Anthropic(1.00 · 2 sources)
- Anthropic Claude Opus 4·released on 2025-05-22 by Anthropic(1.00 · 2 sources)
- Anthropic Claude Sonnet 4·released on 2025-05-22 by Anthropic(1.00 · 2 sources)
- Anthropic Computer Use·publicly released on 2024-10-22 by Anthropic — Claude 3.5 Sonnet computer use beta(1.00 · 2 sources)
- Anthropic Tool Use (general availability)·publicly released on 2024-05-30 by Anthropic(1.00 · 2 sources)
- Apple Intelligence·publicly released on 2024-10-28 by Apple(1.00 · 2 sources)
- Black Forest Labs Flux·publicly released on 2024-08-01 — Flux.1 [pro/dev/schnell] image generation(1.00 · 2 sources)
- ChatGPT search·publicly released on 2024-10-31 by OpenAI(1.00 · 2 sources)
- Claude 3 family (Opus, Sonnet, Haiku)·released on 2024-03-04(1.00 · 1 sources)
- Claude 3.5 Haiku·released on 2024-11-04(1.00 · 2 sources)
- Claude 3.5 Sonnet·released on 2024-06-20(1.00 · 1 sources)
- DeepSeek-R1·released on 2025-01-20 with reasoning chain-of-thought capabilities(1.00 · 2 sources)
- Gemini 2.5 Pro·publicly released on 2025-03-25 by Google DeepMind(1.00 · 2 sources)
- Gemini Ultra·publicly released on 2024-02-08 via Gemini Advanced subscription(1.00 · 2 sources)
- Gemma·released on 2024-02-21(1.00 · 2 sources)
- GPT-4o·released on 2024-05-13(1.00 · 1 sources)
- GPT-4o mini·released on 2024-07-18(1.00 · 1 sources)
- Llama 3·released on 2024-04-18(1.00 · 2 sources)
- Llama 3.1·released on 2024-07-23(1.00 · 2 sources)
- Llama 3.2 (multimodal release including 11B and 90B vision models)·released on 2024-09-25(1.00 · 2 sources)
- Llama 3.3 70B·released on 2024-12-06(1.00 · 1 sources)
- Llama 4·released on 2025-04-05 by Meta — Scout + Maverick + Behemoth lineup(1.00 · 2 sources)
- Mamba-2·introduced in Dao & Gu 2024 — structured state space duality(1.00 · 2 sources)
- Mistral Large 2·released on 2024-07-24 by Mistral AI(1.00 · 2 sources)
- Model Context Protocol (MCP)·publicly released on 2024-11-25 by Anthropic(1.00 · 2 sources)
- MoE Mixtral 8x22B·released on 2024-04-10 by Mistral AI(1.00 · 2 sources)
- OLMo·released on 2024-02-01 by Allen Institute for AI(1.00 · 2 sources)
- OpenAI o1·publicly released on 2024-12-05 — full version with reasoning chain(1.00 · 2 sources)
- OpenAI o3-mini·publicly released on 2025-01-31 by OpenAI(1.00 · 2 sources)
- OpenAI Realtime API·publicly released on 2024-10-01 by OpenAI(1.00 · 2 sources)
- Phi-3 (Microsoft small language model family)·released on 2024-04-23(1.00 · 2 sources)
- Phi-4·released on 2024-12-12 by Microsoft Research(1.00 · 2 sources)
- Qwen 2.5·released on 2024-09-19 by Alibaba(1.00 · 2 sources)
- SGLang·introduced in Zheng et al. 2024 — efficient LLM serving with structured outputs(1.00 · 2 sources)
- Sora (public release to ChatGPT Plus subscribers)·released on 2024-12-09(1.00 · 1 sources)
- Stable Diffusion 3·publicly released on 2024-06-12 (Stable Diffusion 3 Medium weights)(1.00 · 2 sources)
- DeepSeek V3·released on 2024-12-26(0.95 · 2 sources)
- Devin·publicly released on 2024-03-12 by Cognition Labs(0.95 · 2 sources)
- Groq LPU·publicly released on 2024-02-19 by Groq — language processing unit inference(0.95 · 2 sources)
- Replit Agent·publicly released on 2024-09-05 by Replit(0.95 · 2 sources)